what does in fetters mean?

ters. Get Word of the Day delivered to your inbox! Fetters Legcuffs are physical restraints used on the ankles of a person to allow walking only with a restricted stride and to prevent running and effective physical resistance. Both the stream-enterer and the once-returner abandon the first three fetters. FETTER fet'-er: Found only in the plural in both Old Testament and New Testament; fetters of iron ( Psalms 105:18; 149:8; so probably Mark 5:4; Luke 8:29) or brass ( Judges 16:21; 2 Kings 25:7) were frequently used for securing prisoners. Why Does God Compare Our Relationship with Him to That of a Bride and Groom? The term "fetter" shares a root with the word "foot". Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! Source: amoli & Bodhi (2001), Middle-Length Discourses, pp. Definitions.net. These are fetters against ): confine; constrain; hold; restrain (to close within bounds, or otherwise limit or deprive of free movement) Troponyms (each of the following is one way to "fetter"): To put fetters on; shackle. What Every Christian Should Know about the Protestant Reformation. We're doing our best to make sure our content is useful, accurate and safe.If by any chance you spot an inappropriate comment while navigating through our website please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly. frozen fetters, where those cares sighed. With the double chain of bronze, as the Philistines bound Samson (Judges 16:21). STANDS4 LLC, 2023. To restrict or restrain: thinking that is . I get it cleaned up the best I can, button my pants up, and our bullpen coach Mike Fetters says, Hey, youre in the game. So Im jogging into the game to pitch with poop in my pants essentially. Add fetter to one of your lists below, or create a new one. A finely tempered nature longs to escape from the personal life into the world of objective perception and thought. 660-1, "Sakkya" entry, Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 615, "Vicikicch" entry, Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 713, "Sla" entry, Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), pp. It is commonly used in the plural fetters. When might clog be a better fit than fetter? Fetter is also used as a verb with meanings that correspond to the noun's meanings: a prisoner can be fettered literally, and a person can feel fettered by obligations or responsibilities. Out of the ordinary: ways of saying that something is unusual (2), Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2023. . Bound by chains fastened around the ankles. 9.restlessness [17], The Abhidhamma Pitaka's Dhamma Sangani (Dhs. 'pa pdd chac-sb tc-bd bw hbr-20 hbss lpt-25' : 'hdn'">, Test your vocabulary with our fun image quizzes, Clear explanations of natural written and spoken English. . More specifically, in SN 22.84, the Tissa Sutta,[22] the Buddha explicitly cautions against uncertainty regarding the Noble Eightfold Path, which is described as the right path to Nibbana, leading one past ignorance, sensual desire, anger and despair. Article Images Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. Note that the referenced suttas (MN 64, SN 35.54 and SN 35.55) can be seen as overlapping and consistent if one, for instance, infers that one needs to use jhanic attainment and vipassana insight in order to "know and see" the impermanence and selfless nature of the sense bases, consciousness, contact and sensations. ter fe-tr Synonyms of fetter 1 : a chain or shackle for the feet 2 : something that confines : restraint fetter 2 of 2 verb fettered; fettering; fetters transitive verb 1 : to put fetters on : shackle 2 : to restrain from motion, action, or progress Did you know? FET'TER, n. 1. For a correspondence between impermanence and nonself, see, See, e.g., Bhikkhu Bodhi's introduction in , Gunaratana (2003), dhamma talk entitled "Dhamma [Satipatthana] - Ten Fetters. immediately, straightaway, directly. To put fetters on; shackle. Definition of fetter 1 as in restriction something that limits one's freedom of action or choice a time-honored tradition is fine as long as it doesn't become a fetter that prevents us from trying something new Synonyms & Similar Words Relevance restriction constraint limitation restraint curb stricture condition circumscription prohibition (1995). Practices, patterns, and norms of organizing and doing business that once worked so well become a constraint, a. To restrict or restrain: thinking . Bodhi (2000), p. 1148. Learn a new word every day. 41-43. To save this word, you'll need to log in. Hypernyms (to "fetter" is one way to. trammel suggests entangling by or confining within a net. What-does.net is your comprehensive online definition dictionary. Click on the arrows to change the translation direction. "Entry for 'FETTER'". For instance, see Gethin (1998), pp. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Tangentially, in discussing the use of the concept of "the fetter" in the, These fetters are enumerated, for instance, in. fotlenke/-jern, legge i lenker, baste og binde, Test your vocabulary with our fun image quizzes, Clear explanations of natural written and spoken English. Like the eye-rolling gesture it depicts, users primarily employ face with rolling eyes to show, with varying degrees of intensity, that they find someone or something irritating, uninteresting, unbelievable, undeserving, or unimpressive. Sariputta converses with Ven. For the sailing term, see, "DOC Operations Division: Prison A Brief History of the Oregon Boot", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Legcuffs&oldid=1129220219, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2015, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 24 December 2022, at 05:06. Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English. 7.immaterial-rebirthdesire Meaning of fetter. . The shackle consisted of an iron band supported by braces which went down and under the prisoner's foot. The airport is located at latitude 40.09180 and longitude -75.71080. Good News Translation. Such provisions are void. The sunlight that brought life and healing to you, has brought stripes and death to me. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. (Alternate contemporaneous teachings are represented in the adjacent table.). In itself the word only means the fetter, compes, from , Arab. Freedom and slavery are mental states. This airport has no ICAO code, we use US-J869 as reference. . A finely tempered nature longs to escape from the personal life into the world of objective perception and thought. What Every Christian Should Know about the Protestant Reformation. Throughout the Pali canon, the word "fetter" is used to describe an intrapsychic phenomenon that ties one to suffering For instance, in the Khuddaka Nikaya's Itivuttaka 1.15, the Buddha states: "Monks, I don't envision even one other fetter fettered by which beings conjoined go wandering & transmigrating on for a long, long time like the fetter of craving. Meaning of fetters in English fetters noun [ plural ] uk / fet.z / us / fet.z / old use a pair of chains that were tied round the legs of prisoners to prevent them from escaping literary something that severely limits you: the fetters of motherhood SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases Cords, ropes, cables & string bell pull bowline In comparison to handcuffs, the wearing of leg irons may be found less restrictive. These are fetters against doing evil which no honest government should decline. See CHAIN. 1. transitive verb If you say that you are fettered by something, you dislike it because it prevents you from behaving or moving in a free and natural way. They who are engaged in this combination or conspiracy regard Yahweh and his Anointed as one, and as having one object - to set up a dominion over the world. Proud member : , nirva). So its a 2-2 count, and Im like, Man, I have to pee. Proverbs "Practice makes perfect." (English proverb) "Beware of the man who does not talk, and the dog that does not bark." like puzzle lock shackles as the typical slave iron, or irons riveted shut for prisoners being transported to overseas prison camps. Found only in the plural in both Old Testament and New Testament; fetters of iron (Psalms 105:18; 149:8; so probably Mark 5:4; Luke 8:29) or brass (Judges 16:21; 2Kings 25:7) were frequently used for securing prisoners. Throughout the Pali canon, the word "fetter" is used to describe an intrapsychic phenomenon that ties one to suffering For instance, in the Khuddaka Nikaya's Itivuttaka 1.15, the Buddha states: Elsewhere, the suffering caused by a fetter is implied as in this more technical discourse from SN 35.232, where Ven. Iron was occasionally employed for the purpose. The Pali canon traditionally describes cutting through the fetters in four stages: Similar Buddhist concepts found throughout the Pali Canon include the five hindrances (nvarani) and the ten defilements (kiles). How does the word shackle relate to other synonyms for fetter? [5][6] The countries that continue to make prisoners wear fetters long-term now tend to manufacture their own restraints. This enumeration is:[18]. Metaphorically, a fetter may be anything that restricts or restrains in any way, hence the word "unfettered". Fetters Construction Airport is a small airport in Pennsylvania, United States. ter fe-tr Synonyms of fetter 1 : a chain or shackle for the feet 2 : something that confines : restraint fetter 2 of 2 verb fettered; fettering; fetters transitive verb 1 : to put fetters on : shackle 2 : to restrain from motion, action, or progress Did you know? The not-so-subtle innuendo that the common vernacular is fettered with clinging frivolous associations while the mathematics is not, really will not wash either. Get unrestricted access to all the English-Learning Units! Proud member As indicated below, eradication of these three fetters is a canonical indicator of one's being irreversibly established on the path to Enlightenment. 2. 3.asceticorritualrules, up to seven rebirths inhuman or heavenly realms, once more ina heavenly realm(Pure Abodes), 6.material-rebirthdesire Majjhima Nikaya i.130 42, Translated by Nyanaponika Thera (Nyanaponika, 2006), Attachment to rites and rituals (slabbata-parmso), See, for instance, the "Snake-Simile Discourse" (. 0 && stateHdr.searchDesk ? Legcuffs are physical restraints used on the ankles of a person to allow walking only with a restricted stride and to prevent running and effective physical resistance. STANDS4 LLC, 2023. And now, here she stood, the fire of life stirring her blood, the long arm of her mother's power fettering her movements. His own voluntary choice in the past may then rightfully. 'pa pdd chac-sb tc-bd bw hbr-20 hbss lpt-25' : 'hdn'">. fetter suggests a restraining so severe that freedom to move or progress is almost lost. The emoji can roughly translate as "You've got to be kidding me," "You can't be serious," or . Specifically, trammel suggests entangling by or confining within a net. impatient request for silence (usually because news is already known) buzzer (n.) rumour-monger, gossiper. METAR Fetters Construction Airport - US-J869 . So its a 2-2 count, and Im like, Man, I have to pee. Symptoms Of High Blood Pressure what does it mean if blood pressure is low Blood Pressure Chart, . The term "fetter" shares a root with the word "foot". 2.doubt in Buddha In Trinity Western University v.The Law Society of British Columbia 2015 BCSC 2326 ("TWU-LSBC"), The Hon. Nglish: Translation of fetter for Spanish Speakers, Britannica English: Translation of fetter for Arabic Speakers. Definitions.net. The adjective IN FETTERS has 1 sense: 1. bound by chains fastened around the ankles. What Does Colossians 2:6-7 Teach Us about Our Faith Walk? 1002-1006) refer to the "three fetters" as the first three in the aforementioned Sutta Pitaka list of ten: According to the Canon, these three fetters are eradicated by stream-enterers and once-returners. There are grammar debates that never die; and the ones highlighted in the questions in this quiz are sure to rile everyone up once again. Synonyms: fetter; shackle. Legcuffs are physical restraints used on the ankles of a person to allow walking only with a restricted stride and to prevent running and effective physical resistance. This article is about physical fetters used as restraints. Learn a new word every day. Double-click any word on the page to look it up in the dictionary. [27], "Here, O bhikkhus, a bhikkhu understands the eye and material forms and the fetter that arises dependent on both (eye and forms); he understands how the arising of the non-arisen fetter comes to be; he understands how the abandoning of the arisen fetter comes to be; and he understands how the non-arising in the future of the abandoned fetter comes to be. Perhaps, however, the meaning is, and they took Manasseh prisoner at Hohim. By a declaration of rights, I mean one which shall stipulate freedom of religion, freedom of the press, freedom of commerce against monopolies, trial by juries in all cases, no suspensions of the habeas corpus, no standing armies. Classified under: Verbs of touching, hitting, tying, digging. The earliest fetters found in archaeological excavations date from the prehistoric age and are mostly of the puzzle lock type. There is no reason why Hohim should not be a local name, as well as Coz (1Chronicles 4:8). Can it be tamed and fettered by the old conceptions of mental discipline and scholastic routine? Some early versions of cup lock shackles existed at this time. Familiarity information: IN FETTERS used as an adjective is very rare. for until that God who rules all the region of the sky. There were rattans and bamboos for flogging purposes by the side of yokes, collars, and fetters, carefully designed for subduing the refractory. [clarification needed] Fetters are also referenced in ancient times in the Bible (2 Samuel 3:34, Job 36:13, Psalm 149:8). How does the verb fetter contrast with its synonyms? [1] Frequently used alternative terms are leg cuffs, (leg/ankle) shackles, footcuffs, fetters[2] or leg irons. The fetters are enumerated in different ways in the Pali canon's Sutta Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka. 1 May 2023. In this Teaching that is so well proclaimed by me and is plain, open, explicit and free of patchwork; for those who are arahants, free of taints, who have accomplished and completed their task, have laid down the burden, achieved their aim, severed the fetters binding to existence, who are liberated by full knowledge, there is no (future) round of existence that can be ascribed to them. Frequently used alternative terms are leg cuffs, (leg/ankle) shackles, footcuffs, fetters or leg irons. Walshe, Maurice O'Connell (trans.) Shackles are typically used on prisoners and slaves. Etymologically, kya means "body," sakkya means "existing body," and dihi means "view" (here implying a wrong view, as exemplified by the views in the table below). Information and translations of fetter in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Click on the arrows to change the translation direction. https://www.definitions.net/definition/in+fetters. To save this word, you'll need to log in. Get instant definitions for any word that hits you anywhere on the web. For a broad discussion of this term, see, e.g.. For a distinction between the first fetter, "personal identity view," and this eighth fetter, "conceit," see, e.g.. For single-sutta references to both "higher fetters" and "lower fetters," see. The numerical value of in fetters in Chaldean Numerology is: 1, The numerical value of in fetters in Pythagorean Numerology is: 8. 1. IN FETTERS (adjective) has freed you from the fetters of your body, you cannot gain admission here. The rulers, the usurers, and the ulama collaborated to extirpate religion and. The words trammel and fetter are synonyms, but do differ in nuance. Human judgment, it appears, is frail and fettered no matter which humans the judgment comes from. I have to go pee. So I run in our bathroom real quick, Im ready to go. Leg shackles also are used for chain gangs to keep them together.Metaphorically, a fetter may be anything that restricts or restrains in any way, hence the word "unfettered". Uniquely, the Sutta Pitaka's "Householder Potaliya" Sutta (MN 54), identifies eight fetters (including three of the Five Precepts) whose abandonment "lead[s] to the cutting off of affairs" (vohra-samucchedya savattanti): The following fetters are the first three mentioned in the Sutta Pitaka's list of ten fetters, as well as the Sagti Sutta and Abhidhamma Pitaka's list of "three fetters" (DN 33, Dhs. On this page, you can find what is Fetters. something that limits one's freedom of action or choice, a time-honored tradition is fine as long as it doesn't become a, something that makes movement or progress difficult, claims that government regulations are unnecessary, something that physically prevents free movement, to confine or restrain with or as if with chains, museum artifacts that serve as somber reminders of the days when slaves were, to create difficulty for the work or activity of, the belief that too many rules and restrictions. IN FETTERS (adjective) Sense 1 in fetters [BACK TO TOP] Meaning: Bound by chains fastened around the ankles Synonyms: fettered; in bonds; in fetters; shackled Similar: bound (confined by bonds) Learn English with. Fetter of suffering. of One moose, two moose. The word in the example sentence does not match the entry word. An oppressed people are authorized whenever they can to rise and break their fetters. fetter shackle and manacle are stronger than fetter and suggest total loss of freedom. The numerical value of fetters in Chaldean Numerology is: 4, The numerical value of fetters in Pythagorean Numerology is: 3. In fine fettle definition: If you say that someone or something is in fine fettle , you mean that they are in very. 1113-34) provides an alternate list of ten fetters, also found in the Khuddaka Nikaya's Culla Niddesa (Nd2 656, 1463) and in post-canonical commentaries. 1002 ff.). An example is an option contained in the mortgage deed for the mortgagee to purchase the mortgaged property before or after the mortgage has been redeemed (Jones v Morgan [2001] EWCA Civ 995). "fetters." Fetter. Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/fetter. . The phrase "fettering discretion" found its way into two important decisions released today. Do We See Any Gospel Connections in the Book of Numbers? Shackles are typically used on prisoners and slaves. "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". Instead of being fetters, these contradictions seem to have been incentives to the artist. 10.ignorance. Where would hamper be a reasonable alternative to fetter? hot about heart; hunger within tore. By a declaration of rights, I mean one which shall stipulate freedom of religion, freedom of the press, freedom of commerce against monopolies, trial by juries in all cases, no suspensions of the habeas corpus, no standing armies. 10-13, for a discussion of the Buddha in the context of the sramanic and brahmanic traditions. These were widely used in medieval times, but their use declined when mass production made the manufacture of locks built into restraints affordable. All rights reserved. [literary, disapproval] .a private trust which would not be fettered by bureaucracy. You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics: Preparing for your Cambridge English exam? https://www.definitions.net/definition/fetters. Web. Here, the poet uses words like "truth-song," "toil-days," "breast-care," and "care-hall" to describe his experiences. [And thus] he understands the ear and sounds . the organ of smell and odors . the organ of taste and flavors . the organ of touch and tactual objects . [and] consciousness and mental objects .", In MN 64, the "Greater Discourse to Mlunkyputta," the Buddha states that the path to abandoning the five lower fetters (that is, the first five of the aforementioned "ten fetters") is through using jhana attainment and vipassana insights in tandem. There are some other interesting ones in later lines like "rime-crystals" and "exile-tracks." There are several lists of fetters that do not completely agree, but most of the time the first three are: (1) belief in a self; (2) doubt, especially in the Buddha's teachings; and (3) attachment to rituals and rites. Usually fetters. If you are not sure how to define Fetters, our website can provide you with the appropriate definition. His feet were kept in chains, and an iron collar was around his neck, International Standard Version. The black mud fettered her movements. ters 1. Im trying to pee and I actually [expletive] my pants. . Im trying to pee and I actually [expletive] my pants. To drag a man in fetters into the grand illuminated temple of liberty, and call upon him to join you in joyous anthems, were inhuman mockery and sacrilegious irony. Chains for the feet; chains by which walking is hindered. 2. What Does Colossians 2:6-7 Teach Us about Our Faith Walk? These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'fetter.' For other uses, see, "In irons" redirects here. Dictionary entry overview: What does in fetters mean? For When 'Lowdown Crook' Isn't Specific Enough. Minds have been given to them out of the eternal fires you call fixed stars and planets, those spherical solids which, quickened with divine minds, journey through their circuits and orbits with amazing speed. "in fetters." Bodhi (2000), p. 1230. Fetter. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fetter. Do We See Any Gospel Connections in the Book of Numbers? So Sennacherib relates: "Suzubu king of Babylon, in the battle . Kotthita: The Four planes of liberation hamper may imply the effect of any impeding or restraining influence. Get Your Bible Minute in Your Inbox Every Morning. From forms of development of the forces of production these relations turn into their fetters. This Fourth [of] July is yours, not mine. 2023. I have to go pee. So I run in our bathroom real quick, Im ready to go. Delivered to your inbox! to tie someone to a place by putting chains around their ankles SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases Limiting and restricting the mind of the sea-weary one. Copyright 2023, Bible Study Tools. Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English. This page was last edited on 7 April 2023, at 21:07. The word in the example sentence does not match the entry word. Etymology: . One moose, two moose. Not surprisingly, the word's Old English ancestor, feter, is etymologically shackled to ft, the Old English ancestor of foot. 2023. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Fetter. Salem Media Group. One of the strongest motives that lead men to art and science is escape from everyday life with its painful crudity and hopeless dreariness, from the fetters of one's own ever-shifting desires. The first built-in locks often were of a simple screw-type, but soon developed into the "Darby" type. AudioEnglish Definitions Just One Click Away! Comparatively speaking, in the Theravada tradition, fetters span multiple lifetimes and are difficult to remove, while hindrances are transitory obstacles. A chain for the feet; a chain by which an animal is confined by the foot, either made fast or fixed, as a prisoner, or impeded in motion and hindered from leaping, as a horse whose fore and hind feet are confined by a chain. Send us feedback about these examples. 'akas, 'akash, contrahere, constringere (vid., Fleischer under Isaiah 59:5 Isaiah 17:5 Isaiah 21:17, nor Proverbs 23:28 (according to which must at least have an active personal signification), we transpose the nouns of the clause and write , he follows her All rights reserved. These fetters (sayojana) are nine in number: attraction (anunaya), aversion (pratigha), pride (mna), ignorance (avidy), doubt (vicikits), wrong view (di), unjustified esteem (parmara), avarice (mtsarya), envy (rya). Hence, they take counsel against both; and, with the same purpose and design, endeavor to cast off the authority of each. Synonyms: restrict, bind, confine, curb More Synonyms of fetter ", Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 656, "Sayojana" entry, Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), pp. They bound his feet with fetters and placed an iron collar on his neck, JPS Tanakh 1917. The moment the slave resolves that he will no longer be a slave, his fetters fall. Britannica Dictionary definition of FETTER [+ object] 1 formal : to prevent (someone or something) from moving or acting freely He found himself fettered by responsibilities. [30] Similarly, in SN 35.55, "Uprooting the Fetters," the Buddha states that one uproots the fetters "when one knows and sees as nonself" (anatta) the sense bases, sense consciousness, contact and sensations.[31]. 1 of 2. Chief Justice Hinkson found that the Law Society of British Columbia Benchers incorrectly fettered their discretion by binding themselves to a 'fixed blanket policy set by LSBC members in . for until that God who rules all the region of the sky. The commentary mentions that views, doubt, attachment to rites and rituals, jealousy and greed are thrown off at the first stage of Awakening (sotpatti); gross sensual lust and anger by the second stage (sakadgmit) and even subtle forms of the same by the third stage (angmit); and conceit, lust for existence and ignorance by the fourth and final stage (arahatta). Use of this type of shackle was ended by the mid-20th century.[4]. "Fetters" in Buddhism refer to perspectives, beliefs and attitudes that bind us to ignorance and block awakening. Meaning: Restrain with fetters. In Buddhism, a mental fetter, chain or bond (Pli: samyojana, Sanskrit: , sayojana) shackles a sentient being to sasra, the cycle of lives with dukkha. Get Your Bible Minute in Your Inbox Every Morning, He sent a man before them, even Joseph, who was sold for a servant: Whose feet they hurt with FETTERS: he was laid in iron: Until the time that his word came: the word of the LORD tried him. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Fetters is ranked #7446 in terms of the most common surnames in America.The Fetters surname appeared 4,473 times in the 2010 census and if you were to sample 100,000 people in the United States, approximately 2 would have the surname Fetters.92.6% or 4,145 total occurrences were White.2.2% or 101 total occurrences were of Hispanic origin.2% or 92 total occurrences were of two or more races.1.6% or 73 total occurrences were Black.0.7% or 32 total occurrences were American Indian or Alaskan Native.0.6% or 30 total occurrences were Asian. hamper, trammel, clog, fetter, shackle, manacle mean to hinder or impede in moving, progressing, or acting. Salem Media Group. The fascinating story behind many people's favori Test your vocabulary with our 10-question quiz! Frequently used alternative terms are leg cuffs, (leg/ankle) shackles, footcuffs, fetters or leg irons.The term "fetter" shares a root with the word "foot". verb (used with object) to put fetters upon. [24] Altogether, slabbata-parmso has been translated as "the contagion of mere rule and ritual, the infatuation of good works, the delusion that they suffice"[25] or, more simply, "fall[ing] back on attachment to precepts and rules. Iron was occasionally employed for the purpose. I have recently been interested and researching into Buddhism and now know that enlightenment can be attained across multiple lives, however is this the case for stream entry, for example if one removes one of the lower fetters but not all, does that still contribute to their enlightenment and achievement of stream entry in a later life, or does it not and they just have to wait until . . Frequently used alternative terms are leg cuffs, (leg/ankle) shackles, footcuffs, fetters or leg irons. Shackles are typically used on prisoners and slaves. Simple fetter types continue to be used,[timeframe?]

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